Roche Pharmaceuticals Operations Planning Research Paper

Roche Pharmaceuticals Operations Planning - Research Paper Example Deals and Operations Planning At Roche an effective deals and activities arranging is utilized so as to adjust request and gracefully, to adjust blend and volume and for incorporating money related and working plans. This has been encouraged by utilizing of Enterprise Resource Planning frameworks talked about in later areas. At Roche, the top administration takes responsibility for deals and tasks arranging process. The administration thinks of it as a wellspring of conveying field-tested strategies and techniques. The medium to long haul choices are taken by the top administrators while the transient choices are taken by the center administration. Different items at Roche pharmaceuticals are partitioned into families which makes it simpler for the board to survey them for arranging. Roche has faith in proactive administration as opposed to receptive emergency the executives. Subsequently, the deals and activities plan are structured well early. The deals and tasks arranging process additionally envelops chance investigation and moderation. The different potential situations in the arranging skyline are contemplated and designs are made to handle unexpected ascent or fall sought after and assets. After the plans have been chosen at the top, they are conveyed all through the association for smooth and precise execution. Comprehensively, 5 stages are trailed by Roche for Sales and Operations Planning. In the initial steps, all new item advancement programs are assessed with the assistance of Research and Development Department. The data acquired goes about as contribution for the deals and tasks arranging process. The concerned dangers and suspicions are additionally recorded. In the subsequent advance, another deals and request plan is made. The gauges made here are needy upon contributions from different partners in the gathering. Roche achieves determining with the assistance of SAP ERP apparatuses. The framework created figures are imparted to all partners. Any progressions proposed are consolidated after conversation and the last estimates are created. These figures go about as contribution for request arranging meeting. The concerned dangers and presumptions are reported. In the third step, a tasks plan is set up so as to satisfy requests for each timeframe. For this the old activities plan is considered and the distinctions are noted. In the new activities plan, these distinctions are balanced keeping in see the different asset requirements and stock levels. The activities plan is duplicated by bill of materials required for every item family to show up at absolute required assets. The necessary assets are contrasted and accessible assets. On the off chance that there are critical contrasts, answers for fill those holes are recognized and archived. In the fourth step, the effect of tasks plan on different divisions, for example, Accounts, money, IT and deals is considered. Compromises and remedies are done to address worries of different divisions. At long last the key proposals and potential situations are concentrated to from a plan for the last Sales and Operations Planning meeting. The plan is shared before the gathering for everybody to comprehend. In the fifth step, last Sales and Operations meeting is led. In the last gathering, the advancement on past deals and t asks plan is examined, plan for every item family is explored, endorsements are made and new proposition are chosen. The minutes of meeting and activity plans are then imparted to different partners (PHS, 2006). 5.3. Total Planning Strategies Roche pharmaceuticals utilizes total anticipating accomplishing its medium term goals. The exercises are arranged at different

Data Collection Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Information Collection - Coursework Example inesses gather information so as to, examine their presentation, know their number of customers, comprehend clients attributes and conduct, lead the piece of the pie, and have a concise projections of things to come execution of the business among others. Accordingly it is one of the center components inside the innovative work unit of a business. During our 6th exercise (authoritative execution measure), we broke down four fundamental execution estimates which incorporates; input (assets required in doing a program), process (cost of assets per the unit of the normal yield), yield (work finished or the administrations gave by the infused information), and result which is the whether the client needs and the program objects are met). In giving an extended conversation on information assortment, the paper will receive the information execution measure. Info alludes to the measure of the assets that is either required or accessible to create a result and yield. It is generally communicated as the measure of assets that is required for an executed of a program or undertaking. They encourage the production of a yield. They incorporate the gear, cost of work, utilities, building space, supplies, materials and overhead among others. The proportions of info give data on assets, for example, the money related financial plan and the individuals that are accessible in the execution of different procedures that conveys a yield. This is a sort of information assortment utilized in evaluating the exhibition of the association. They are additionally utilized in the authoritative limit point of view by the representatives. It is one of the crucial routes in acquiring accurate information and data on the adjustments in status and customers conduct particularly after they have finished a help. Before an information is requested for the culmination of a specific undertaking, it is significant that a review is directed with the goal that the best is acquired to encourage the objective accomplishment. The targets must be accomplished when the best sources of info are

Medical Research Proposal of the elderly

Medical Research Proposal of the elderly Research Proposal Home›Research Posts›Research Proposal Research PostsDo Community Support Groups Stand A Chance In Providing Health Care To The Aged?INTRODUCTIONThis is a medical research that will be aimed at bringing to light the challenges that the elderly have in the local Australian communities and in the healthy facilities. The focus regions would be the remote South Eastern Coastal regions of Australia believed to be flocked with the highest number of aged people of above 65 years which fits exactly in the margin of research that will be used for the study.The number of helping options they can go for would be established. It will mainly focus on the existing support groups or the alleged community support groups to highlight what they are actually involved with/in. For the basics of the research a group has been identified that will help in the facilitation of this work, this would involve a 45 member crew who would be responsible for seeing through of the entire specif ied period of 11 months.Cost has been estimated for equipment required to collect data with which will include audio recorders, video cameras, questionnaires, measurement equipment that involve sophisticated to low end. Methods that will be used to collect data with will be, interviews, filling in of questionnaires, observation and lab tests among others if need arises.Target group of the research will be the residents of a vast area on the entire South Eastern Coast of Australia. The residents will involve only members of the communities as the participants and will be looking forward to target the 60+ year olds, given the life expectance isn’t very high in Australia (National Census Board, 2011) the research team as decide to work towards dealing within this margin of age to increase the cover of the research.The research will follow up-to-date data analysis methods such as the computational, quantitative, triangulation, specification research and elimination method where deduci ng of facts is dependent on a number of non-stable variants. Data collection and keeping will be the duty of a designated data analyst. Within the margin of the research work it will be highlighted that coordination and consultation would be a way through which accuracy will be achieved in this study.STATEMENT OF PURPOSEResearch work in this case will be involving the finding of elderly residential majority regions of Australia, their situations in terms of health, social and emotional needs and assessing if they have a defined order from where to get help from. Finding the position of the elderly women and men in the society and determining the majority in this case, what kind of sufferings they go through? What type of disease they seem to have in common? What efforts have been put to arrest some of these diseases? Who among the available community support groups if any is much more active to providing health care for the aged? Who formed and funds the community support groups? Wh y the communities required the community support groups while there is a government in place?The study will be aimed at negotiating a program with the residents and the aged (especially the sick) to join some of the community based support groups if there are any reliable ones, instances of laxity by the members of support groups will be outlined and action against those be sought in cases where some of the groups are funded by international groups and they are not doing the work suggested in the contracts. Aiming at pointing out the differences between a community support group and a generic community support group, to identify how they are related with the elderly and how they are helping solve the problems of the elderly. By the time the research work a list of factors would be outlined like the amount of medication they require, what type of professional care they require, what happens to the community support group when there are casualties needing special care and what help th ey turn to in such cases.BACKGROUNDThis research will be contracted by a team of 45 members working within the South Eastern Coast of Australia, 25Km radius range from the coast of Tasman Sea (World Map, Oxford, 5th edition), the team comprises of 35 year olds and below to the minimum of 23 years. 25 of the members are females, 5 among the male members are engineers majoring in mechanical and electrical, 15 of the total team members are medical nurses and researchers in both medicine and Polypharmacy locally and internationally. The remaining 25 members fit into categories of drivers, nutritionists, nurses, data analysts, geographical directors and event organizers. The team once in the field theyll be conducting brief gatherings (25-40 minutes) every morning to actualize themselves with the events of the day and a brief revision of the previous work. The schedule as of the entire time (11 months) will be starting 8:30 am (CAT) everyday and finishing 7 hours after the start, this wo uld be aimed to maximizing the time we have with the residents in terms that are convenient for their presence and the time for patient care.To be close to the participants the research team is keen on patient status and thus it has embarked in the setting up of a camp just few minutes from most of the participants residential area, this can be substituted with using rental houses but there is a general keenness with expenditure and resources usage are utility form factors requiring special preplanning. Minimization of overflow of expenditure would transfer the surplus resource to tine needs of special-case patients.SIGNIFICANCE:  Significance of the study would be to give a detailed account of the categories of community support groups, the purpose they serve besides the health and the support for needs of the people and the development of the health concerns they are faced with in their line of work. This research will be targeting to establish if the community support groups are different from those generic in nature, the way they serve the community if their base interests are the same as those of the community itself. Aiming at finding out if the necessity of existence of these community support group pointing out whether the situation will improve by our research. If there will be positive implication of our study there will be a profiling as to how well they already are and how they intend to improve with assistance from the research personalities and the findings. (Behling, 1984)The question of specialized medical intervention would be addressed by looking into the type of cases their conditions, relates cases and the future reoccurrence of the same, it would be advisable to locate means of minimizing the adversity of some of the conditions we will be dealing with and defining the way through these. If the issue of medical personnel happens to be one of the reasons we will be aiming to setting up a channel of consultation ad options that deal with the cases presenting themselves.Since there will be medication and specialized treatment it should be noted if the intervention has helped in that there will be grace period to administer the rate of response to medication of the residents. Te major implications like coming to acknowledging the residents of how to form and administer community support group to run home run nursing facilities, old age tolerance and acceptance to the old and how to deal with sick cases as the rate of alertness dims with age.DESCRIPTION Hospital records: To live by the criteria of the research it will be required that a form of undertaking the research will be followed and by determining what methods the residents are familiar with in term of literacy. From the local and nearby hospitals we will be checking into hospital records and books in search for numbers that will be used for estimations. Some of the records to target will be the outpatient and inpatient in terms of age, diagnosis, frequency of visit s of similar cases and the margins of numbers of the     cases within a specified period of time.Library books: Information concerning the topography, demography, distribution of resources and the history of the area would be sort out, this will be enable the team to know the areas to get what type of data, what is related to the kind of cases they are witnesses, cases of formulating mathematical formulae would be expected and to get some of the basics of the idea would be found in books in that we haven’t included mathematical professors or geniuses. Prefeasibility study of some other branches of the entire research could be relying on information in books, some data like how many survivors of a certain ailment would be necessary in determining the expected outcomes of treatments and the chances of survival. (Ronald, 2008)Legal documents: To the area administration would be sought to help in identifying how many registered community support groups there are and how many still upd ate their licenses of operation, some of this data will be the key to go by when determining life spans of some of the community support groups in that the records would show how long past groups lived for.Interviews: This will be conducted by everyone in one stage or another of the study given that the group is well conversant with the guidelines of the study. Interviewees will be selected within the basis allowing the following forms of interviews: Face-to-face, on phone, through social networks, through text messages and through sign language with a professional understanding the dynamics of the sign language.Observation: This method will be useful in cases that require the noting of changes in how people are reacting to medication or the number of units of scale a group member is moving or handling per specific time. Whilst should the unquantifiable units be required observation method will fit in to give a range of estimates and determine a bottom-line variable once done enteri ng the data inputs. To in performing along term observation use of devices would be appropriate in capturing the whole idea for viewing and reviewing. By the use of this method, a researcher will be able to draw some facts that would take lengthy period of time, this as well would be appropriate in estimation of data such as the pints of medication a group of people would need at a single time, then the amount on the total dosages.METHODOLGYFor data gathering and extraction the research team will be guided mostly by interpretive perspective. This focuses mostly in interpreting meanings and perspective of the members of the culture and the negotiation of the meanings (Grigoryev, 2001).   Achieving this will require a communication specialist to interpret some the information derived from the interviewees with the consideration of culture and the way of life of these people to gaze at meanings of whatever information they offer to give.Financial persuasion: when members whom you have contacted to hold interviews are not willing to show up or give sufficient, financial persuasion could work for them in that they would require a token of encouragement especially when dealing with sensitive matter. Some members are naturally unsupportive and gathering information from them requires more that verbal persuasion, although quite like trickery the research success depends on   actual information and where the source isn’t cooperative enough   a little of unconventional method is required. The target group for this kind of approach isn’t just anybody but a selected few who in return have to give assurance of keeping the encounter out of the scenes.We will seek the guidance of a librarian in acquiring information that will be specific to the task and that can be relied on, the help of the librarian would be in terms of how much does he/she know about the subject matter before hand and how informed about related issues is he/she? When it comes to recommending books he/ she will have to be specific and to the point in that the library work won’t be the entire of the team’s place of gathering the information. Seeking assistance of other librarians even if they will be out of their work stations will be an added advantage we will need to accomplish. As it is known that it’s no surprise failing to get all the information you need in one library, the current librarian will need to be persuaded in recommending some of the books that we can look at from other libraries so as to save time when moving to the mentioned library.Hospital matters are very sensitive and most of the data required in our research as in the case of investigating the spread of diseases and the king of diseases most patients are diagnosed with, files and other personal information would be a task to get through, however, the research team has a strategy to approach that, it will be to approach some of the management staff with a proposal of shared interests (Rawson, 1999) and in others unconventional methods can be applied in pressuring some of the staff in cases where a manager gave consent but the junior staff can’t take private information of a client or former client to the open. This would involve time and rescheduling approaches by different members of the team some posing as medical investigators, some as critically ill patients (Christopher, 2003) all to get an up-close to a chance of being talked to and being provided with the information required out of them.Getting data from observing activity over a long period of time (11 months) could be quite tiring, to do this and keep the data safe and consistent, there will be a an observation sub group that will be doing the recording of what they find and this will be presented in an orderly manner to provide a flow which most of this data will be taken into consideration to create graphs and charts that illustrate the response of a patient to medicine, it will also be required to show how active th e members of the support group would be, sometimes interviews could be held in enclosed private chambers but for the sake of protecting the participant a separate observing team would be deployed to assess the methods applied by interviewers, this will be to ensure zero tolerance of participant intimidation, in place where some mental patients are involved, the use of video cameras would be useful to monitor the activities and deduce the factor of medication response. There are other terms when the use of CCTV cameras will be applicable like when assessing the sleeping habits of a patients, the number of times he/she wakes up, the amount of time one takes to sleep after medication.HARDSHIPS OF THE RESEARCHUncooperative participant, non-focused team members, mechanical delays/break downs of machines, storms in fields, friction with authority, electrical overages and shortages, getting stranded, lack of coordination among members of the team.When it comes to third parties in a researc h we will not be intimidated by the laxity of a participant or being turned down by a participant at the last minute, to curb this we will identify in time a number of participants playing the same role, so in case one or two do not show up or refuse to cooperate the rest can be available and thus removing the threat of stand off in the research activities. In terms of the reliability of such factors like being on time and still being able to be counted on, the criteria of selection of participants will be addressed by the state of their mental stability, records of self harm, history of suicidal attempts, police records on crime, as we consider the people to interview we have considered who to exclude form being a participant because the accuracy of the research is a key point of keen interest. In terms of how much a participant is willing to participate will be a factor of considering variable of quantity and restrictions. If a participant will be willing to give a certain amount of information under a level of restriction then consent will be sought to allow the participation and enter the deal that he/she requests, otherwise if the equilibrium of served interest isn’t definitive, then exclusion would be adopted.The discipline of the team members will be a top priority when dealing with the public (community support groups, by standers, participants and our supervisors); this then will determine the number and the selection of team members when assigning those activities to undertake, the discipline of the team will be the basis of focus to seeing the study a success.Mechanical and electrical devices have some tendency to fail when subjected to some conditions, cars fail to start right way when it has been cold, electricity tend to fail when it’s wind dependant and there isn’t enough wind to drive turbines, to deal with the mechanical problems such as flat tires and defective exhaust systems in our team there comprises a number of engineers majoring i n the exact fields as mentioned.Among the most ridiculous of problem is getting stranded when a task, it is very likely that members have to travel alone or groups of few people, this in return could lead to losing the sense of co-ordinates hence getting one lost. To address this, every member will be equipped with a detailed map of the area within which operations will be taking place. (Lindlof, 2002)Nature cannot be negotiated with and since most of the problems have solutions to there are forms of natural conditions that would require a stand off from the research. Storms, torrential rains and wild fires are some of which would lead to abortion or stand off to the research.CONCLUSIONReason for this research will be to correlate community support group and the actual community that requires that support. The aim will be to make the home nursing facilities dependable in cases of emergencies. The research team is ready and fully organized to achieve the basic goal of finding out whe ther community support groups do support the aged lot.

Customer Relationship Management As A Philosophy - 1253 Words

1.1 Background Customer Relationship Management as a Philosophy started in the 70s. Peter Drucker, a well-renowned management consultant, stated that The true business of every company is to make and keep customers. Today, the concept of CRM has grown in a global scale. Companies have evolved to focus products solely based on customer’s demands. Over the years, the CRM model does not limit to just being about customer centric but also to use customer profitability as a catalyst in making decisions. [2] †¢ In 1980s: CRM was based on Database Marketing, i.e. by collecting and analyzing customer information. †¢ In 1986, ACT! Introduced their contact management software to the businesses which allowed for the efficient storage and organization of customer contact information. †¢ In 1990: CRM systems evolved towards sales force automation (SFA). SFA involved features of database marketing, combined with CRM. †¢ In 1993, Tom Siebel left Oracle to create Siebel Systems with primary focus to create CRM products on Sales modules. With growing popularity in SFA, Siebel systems started to introduce customized products to suit multiple industries. †¢ In 1995, SFA and contact management have become part of CRM software. There were similar names to CRM as enterprise customer management (ECM) and customer information system (CIS) were in use but by the end of 1995, CRM was widely used. †¢ During the late 90’s several Enterprise resource management (ERP) vendors like Oracle, Baan and SAPShow MoreRelatedApplication Of Advanced Micro Devices1026 Words   |  5 Pages(AMD) is a customer-oriented company that manufactures computer processors and memory chips and supplies its products to various technological companies worldwide. 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The Do This, Get That Guide On Mla Essay

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Production Supervisor Free Essays

KRA (Key Responsibility Area/Key Results Area): â€Å"Key Result Areas† or KRAs refer to general areas of outcomes or outputs for which the department’s role is responsible. A typical role targets three to five KRA. Value of KRAs: Identifying KRAs helps individuals:  · Clarify their roles  · Align their roles to the organisation’s business or strategic plan  · Focus on results rather than activities  · Communicate their role’s purposes to others  · Set goals and objectives  · Prioritize their activities, and therefore improve their time/work management  · Make value-added decisions Description of KRAs: Key result areas (KRAs) capture about 80% of the department’s work role. We will write a custom essay sample on Production Supervisor or any similar topic only for you Order Now The remainder of the role is usually devoted to areas of shared responsibility (e. g. , helping team members, participating in activities for the good of the organisation). CORE KRAs of HR DEPARTMENT: -RECRUITMENT/ SELECTION -WORKFORCE PLANNING/ -DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT -PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT -REWARD MANAGEMENT -WORKPLACE MANAGEMENT -INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS -SAFETY AND HEALTH WORKPLACE -BUILDING CAPABILITIES AND ORGANIZATION LEARNING -EFFECTIVE HR MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS , SUPPORT AND MONITORING KEY PERFORMANCE AREAS: These are the areas within the HR DEPARTMENT, where an individual or group, is logically responsible / accountable for the results. To manage each KRA/ KPAs, a set of KPI are set . KRA and hence KPI is attributed to the department which can have effect on the business results and is self measured where applicable. THE IMPORTANCE AND WEIGHTAGE OF THESE ELEMENTS KRAs/KPAs/KPIs ARE GUIDED BY THE *VISION STATEMENT *MISSION STATEMENT *CORPORATE OBJECTIVES *CORPORATE STRATEGY *CORPORATE BUSINESS UNITS/ DEPARTMENTAL PLANS/STRATEGY. FOR THE BUDGET PERIOD, THIS IS USUALLY 12 MONTHS. What Are Key Performance Indicators (KPI): Key Performance Indicators are quantifiable measurements, agreed to beforehand, that reflect the critical success factors of an organization. They will differ depending on the organization. A business may have as one of its Key Performance Indicators the percentage of its income that comes from return customers. A school may focus its Key Performance Indicators on graduation rates of its students. A Customer Service Department may have as one of its Key Performance Indicators, in line with overall company KPIs, percentage of customer calls answered in the first minute. A Key Performance Indicator for a social service organization might be number of clients assisted during the year. Whatever Key Performance Indicators are selected, they must reflect the organization’s goals, they must be key to its success,and they must be quantifiable (measurable). Key Performance Indicators usually are long-term considerations. The definition of what they are and how they are measured do not change often. The goals for a particular Key Performance Indicator may change as the organization’s goals change, or as it gets closer to achieving a goal. Key Performance Indicators Reflect The Organizational Goals: An organization that has as one of its goals â€Å"to be the most profitable company in our industry† will have Key Performance Indicators that measure profit and related fiscal measures. â€Å"Pre-tax Profit† and â€Å"Shareholder Equity† will be among them. However, â€Å"Percent of Profit Contributed to Community Causes† probably will not be one of its Key Performance Indicators. On the other hand, a school is not concerned with making a profit, so its Key Performance Indicators will be different. KPIs like â€Å"Graduation Rate† and â€Å"Success in Finding Employment after Graduation†, though different, accurately reflect the schools mission and goals. Key Performance Indicators Must Be Quantifiable: If a Key Performance Indicator is going to be of any value, there must be a way to accurately define and measure it. â€Å"Generate More Repeat Customers† is useless as a KPI without some way to distinguish between new and repeat customers. â€Å"Be The Most Popular Company† won’t work as a KPI because there is no way to measure the company’s popularity or compare it to others. It is also important to define the Key Performance Indicators and stay with the same definition from year to year. For a KPI of â€Å"Increase Sales†, you need to address considerations like whether to measure by units sold or by dollar value of sales. Will returns be deducted from sales in the month of the sale or the month of the return? Will sales be recorded for the KPI at list price or at the actual sales price? You also need to set targets for each Key Performance Indicator. A company goal to be the employer of choice might include a KPI of â€Å"Turnover Rate†. After he Key Performance Indicator has been defined as â€Å"the number of voluntary resignations and terminations for performance, divided by the total number of employees at the beginning of the period† and a way to measure it has been set up by collecting the information in an HRIS, the target has to be established. â€Å"Reduce turnover by five percent per year† is a clear target that eve ryone will understand and be able to take specific action to accomplish. Key Performance Indicators Must be Key To Organizational Success: Many things are measurable. That does not make them key to the organization’s success. In selecting Key Performance Indicators, it is critical to limit them to those factors that are essential to the organization reaching its goals. It is also important to keep the number of Key Performance Indicators small just to keep everyone’s attention focused on achieving the same KPIs. That is not to say, for instance, that a company will have only three or four total KPIs in total. Rather there will be three or four Key Performance Indicators for the company and all the units within it will have three, four, or five KPIs that support the overall company goals and can be â€Å"rolled up† into them. If a company Key Performance Indicator is â€Å"Increased Customer Satisfaction†, that KPI will be focused differently in different departments. The Manufacturing Department may have a KPI of â€Å"Number of Units Rejected by Quality Inspection†, while the Sales Department has a KPI of â€Å"Minutes a Customer Is on Hold before a Sales Rep Answers†. Success by the Sales and Manufacturing Departments in meeting their respective departmental Key Performance Indicators will help the company meet its overall KPI. How to cite Production Supervisor, Papers

Outcome Evaluation Essay Sample free essay sample

Executive sum-up: The current paper is a memoranda to the province bureau on measuring the sellers on Drug A ; Substance abuse intervention centres. The five sellers that are in rating are. Volunteers of America. Phoenix House. THE WALDEN HOUSE DAY TREATMENT PROGRAM. FamilyLinks and Bridge House. All the sellers are evaluated establishing on the standards developed with the parametric quantities like. like quality of attention. Effectiveness. Performance. entree to care. cost. timelines and direction etc. . However. after detecting the comparative result rating ‘Family links’ was considered as proposed seller to accomplish cost decrease as one of the province bureau programme endOverview Outcomes-Based Evaluation Outcomes rating looks at impacts. benefits. alterations to the clients as a consequence of organization’s plans or attempts during and or after their engagement in the plans. Outcomes evaluation examines these alterations in the short-run. intermediate term and long-run The Approach to Measure Nonprofit Organizations There are assorted attacks to measure not-for-profits. We will write a custom essay sample on Outcome Evaluation Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Such attacks include self appraisal every bit good as outside ratings. Sate bureaus consider both attacks while measuring the sellers. Nonprofit organisations normally observe self-assessment to see how their boards or executive managers fulfill their duties or to re-examine their mission. Sing self-assessment of their plans. the not-for-profits have focus on outcome rating to larn how their plans have made impacts on plan participants and/or the society they serve. It is critical for not-for-profits to cognize how they are making instead than what they do or did. However the province governments decide which not-for-profits would be awarded. establishing on their self-evaluation as their comparative rating of all the appliers. In this sense. such grant presenting have an component of rating that aid nonprofit organisations to offer better services in their plan execution. Purpose of the Memo: The intent of the current memoranda is to offer rating of bing drug maltreatment service centre sellers who have applied for the new financess. Problem Statement The province bureau is looking to take down the fiscal support for the current grant and is looking for a cost effectual seller who can present the services harmonizing to the newprogramme guidelines. The intent ofresults ratingis to: Scope of services to be performed The rating is to find the extent to which the bing sellers have met the ends and to place the capableness to accomplish new ends. The rating is non intended to be a research undertaking. Outcomes ( or client/customer impacts ) and Performance Measures ( that can be measured as indexs toward the results ) Evaluation The province bureau is looking for selective catching with a service supplier who providesservice in conformity within an agreed- upon system of direction controls ; and provider payment mechanisms which encourage cost containment and may affect some grade of fiscal hazard sharing ( e. g. . capitation agreements. discounted payment agendas ) . For this. the province bureau intends for a systematic aggregation of information about the development. acquisition and bettering aims of the undertaking. This rating involves measuring undertaking planning. undertaking execution. and project results of different sellers. By and large the rating consists of two parts: The cardinal constituents intended to utilize in Outcomes Evaluation For the current rating the province bureau has considered the following basic constituents of different sellers. Outcomes evaluation expressions at plans as systems that have inputs. activities/processes. end products and results. So this system’s position is observed in the current context. Input signals– These are stuffs and resources that the seller plan uses in its activities. or processes. to function clients. eg. equipment. staff. voluntaries. installations. money. etc.Activities– These are the activities. or processes. that the plan undertakes with/to the client in order to run into the clients’ needs. for illustration. learning. reding. sheltering. eating. vesture. etc. End products– These are the units of service sing vendor plan. for illustration. the figure of people taught. counseled. sheltered. fed. clothed. etc. The figure of clients served. books published. etc. . really frequently indicates nil at all about the existent impacts/benefits/changes in the clients who went through the plan — the figure of clients served simply indicates the numerical figure of clients who went through the plan. Results– These are existent impacts/benefits/changes for participants during or after the seller planFor illustration. for a smoke surcease plan. an result might be â€Å"participants discontinue smoking† .-These alterations. or results. are normally expressed in footings of:-knowledge and accomplishments ( these are frequently considered to be instead short-run results )-behaviors ( these are frequently considered to be instead intermediate-term results )-values. conditions and position ( these are largely long-run results ) Outcome marks– These are the figure and per centum of participants that the seller want to accomplish the result. for illustration. an outcome end of 2. 000 teens to discontinue smoke over the following twelvemonth Result indexs– These are discernible and mensurable â€Å"milestones† towards an result mark. These are the touchable things to bespeak that the seller is doing the advancement toward the result mark. For illustration. the figure and per centum of adolescent participants who quit smoking right after the plan and six months after the plan — these indexs will move as inputs to calculate on whether 2. 000 teens will discontinue or non over the following twelvemonth from finishing your plan. Background Service Description The drug maltreatment and substance maltreatment intervention centres are meant for rehabilitation. Assorted types of services are available to the sick person runing from short term reding. long-run inmate attention and some signifier of community-based theoretical accounts. Day intervention attacks besides include caring for aged and handicapped individuals. adult day-care plans. And in recent old ages the Day intervention attacks are being applied extensively in the intervention of intoxicant maltreatment along with traditional inmate and outpatient plans. The wellness services provided under Day care intervention are as follows: Treatment Plan Treatment is a structured procedure of activities designed to minimise or collar the harmful effects of intoxicant and/or other drug abuse and/or dependence thereby bettering the individual’s physical. psychological and societal degree of working. in the context of maltreatment and/or dependence Degree of attention in Pre-Treatment Servicess to persons at hazard of developing substance maltreatment related jobs but may or may non run into the diagnostic standards for maltreatment or dependance. Servicess within this degree may be provided to household members and important others Outpatient A: Non-Intensive Outpatient: Regularly scheduled ongoing or intermittent curative Sessionss of low strength with less intervention continuance Bacillus: Intensive Outpatient: Structured single and group activities for a lower limit of 8 hours/week and three yearss a hebdomad. Degree centigrades: Day Treatment: Integrated and structured curative activities dwelling of organized and ongoing intervention services in a professionally supervised plan. Residential A: Non-Medical Community Residential Treatment- means a twenty-four-hour rehabilitation installation. without twenty-four-hour-per-day medical/nursing monitoring. where a planned plan of professionally directed rating. attention and intervention for the Restoration of working for individuals with intoxicant and other drug jobs and/or dependences. Bacillus: Medical Community Residential Treatment- means a twenty-four-hour rehabilitation installation. with twenty-four-hour-a-day medical/nursing monitoring. where a planned plan of professionally directed rating. attention and intervention for the Restoration of working for individuals with intoxicant and other drug jobs and/or dependence occurs. Detoxification A: Ambulatory Detoxification: Servicess to persons with mild to chair symptoms of backdown. supervised by a doctor. Residential. halfway house of outpatient enfranchisement is required. Bacillus: Sub-Acute Detoxification: Detoxification services provided with 24-hour medical monitoring. Degree centigrades: Acute Hospital Detoxification – Assessment rating of each person to find the nature and extent of his or her dependence to alcohol and other drugs. – Case Management activities to supply aid and support to persons and groups in deriving entree to needed medical. societal. educational and other services indispensable to run intoing basic human demands. Case direction services may include interactions with household members. important others and/or other persons or entities. -Crisis Intervention through a face-to-face or over the telephone response to a crisis or exigency state of affairs experienced by a client. household member or important other. – Family Counseling Sessionss with persons and their households under the counsel of a counsellor to turn to household relationship issues related to intoxicants and other drug maltreatment. – Family Counseling may be provided to household members and important others. – Medical Somatic services or medicine disposal services or distributing of medicines in an intoxicant and other drug intervention plan. – Toxicology Screening of specimens like piss. hair. unwritten fluids to observe the presence of intoxicant and other drugs. – Referral and Information to ask from people about services provided by the plan. services provided to other wellness attention organisations and reaching another wellness attention organisation supplier to obtain services for an person. – Child Care- Care of kids of persons having intervention during the intervention period. – Outreach to the mark population within their environment. The intent of this attack is to forestall and/or reference issues and jobs as they relate to the maltreatment of intoxicant and other drugs. – Education that is focused on assisting the single addition his or her consciousness and cognition of the nature. extent and harmful effects of intoxicant and other drug dependence. Educational services may include persons and groups and consist of talks. pictures or structured treatment Sessionss. – Treatment Intervention- These should be structured. solution-focused procedure that consists of a group of household members. important others. among others ( colleagues. co-workers. etc ) who come together to show their observations and concerns sing an addict’s behaviour. – Meals to persons take parting in a intervention plan. Features that are observed under Outcome Evaluation: Cardinal features of managed Day care plans include a wide scope of organisational and funding characteristics. including the followers: ( cubic decimeter ) Benefit program features ( e. g. . types of patient populations. figure and type of allowed services. usage of co-payments and deductibles ) ; ( 2 ) Use of incorporate and carve out direction systems ; ( 3 ) Wide variableness in the types and mix of intoxicant intervention services provided ; ( 4 ) Systems of supplier enlisting. choice. and monitoring ; ( 5 ) Systems of organisational direction. instance direction and quality confidence. including organisational and clinical decision-making theoretical accounts. usage of clinical guidelines and protocols. supplier credentialing demands. staffing features. ( e. g. . staffingmix. squad theoretical accounts ) . usage of public presentation tracking systems ( e. g. . study cards. supplier and consumer satisfaction studies ) ; and ( 6 ) Financing mechanisms that incorporate inducements to restrict measure and cost of attention. including risk-sharing agreements. deductibles. co-payments. capitation. etc. Description ofOrganizations in consideration: In the 110 old ages of supplying services to the community. the name Volunteers of America Oregon has become synonymous with compassion and attention. The organisation has earned repute through dedication and indefatigable committedness to assisting persons and households create safer. healthier. and more stable life styles. The services are catered to risky young person to victims of domestic force. from the retrieving nut to the frail elderly. the organisation provide a scope of supportive and authorising services to the vulnerable populations to work with them and to reconstruct whole lives to make their full potency. Apart from the assorted outstanding services like Children A ; Family Services and Senior Services. the Rehabilitation Services include. Alcohol A ; Drug Outreach. Community Detention Monitoring. Community Partners Reinvestment. Day Treatment Program. Integrated Family Services. Men’s Residential Center. Rearing Program. Portland Partners Re-entry and Women’s Residential Center The result of FY 2006-2007 Highlights and Results depicts the Community Partners Reinvestment Project consequences as under: Phoenix House is one of the nation’s taking non-profit substance maltreatment bar and intervention service organisations. Phoenix House serves more than 7. 000 work forces. adult females ( including adult females with kids ) and teens each twenty-four hours at more than 120 drug and intoxicant intervention and bar plans in nine provinces – California. Florida. Maine. Massachusetts. New Hampshire. New York. Rhode Island. Texas. Vermont. The drug and intoxicant intervention plans include: Phoenix Academies. our residential high schools for teens in intervention for drug and intoxicant maltreatment ; Long and short-run residential drug intervention centres for grownups: Intensive outpatient and twenty-four hours plans ; after-school plans for teens ; plans for female parents with little kids ; recovery abodes ; and plans for the mentally ill. for stateless individuals. and for drug and intoxicant maltreaters in prisons. For 40 old ages. Phoenix House has been constructing a intervention and bar system that now serves more than 7. 000 individuals each twenty-four hours at more than 120 plans in nine provinces. Seeking to assist the most vulnerable among us. the organisation has since 1967. made it possible for more than 150. 000 persons to alter their lives. During FY ’04-05. there was continued strengthening of the Foundation fundss. as net assets rose by $ 7. 9 million to $ 51. 1 million. due in big step to donor pledges for Campaign Phoenix House. but reflecting every bit good exceeding net incomes of invested assets. Although entire runing grosss increased somewhat. from $ 101 million to $ 102 million. there was a fringy diminution in authorities contract gross. while grants and parts. client fees. and third-party payments all rose. as did investing income applied to operations. Expenses for the financial twelvemonth totaled $ 101. 5 million. with 81. 5 % for direct attention and services and the balance for direction. general disbursals. and fund-raising. The addition in net assets includes $ 3 million â€Å"temporarily restricted. † stand foring sworn parts that will be realized in three to five old ages. It besides includes $ 2 million in net assets that are â€Å"permanently restricted† for gift. Investment grosss of $ 2. 3 million reflected a return on investings of 18 per centum. The board designated an sum equal to 5 per centum of invested assets—some $ 700. 000—to be used for operations. with the balance increasing the Foundation’s sum unrestricted assets. ( Phoenix ) â€Å"Walden House is a non-profit-making community-based organisation with a 38 old ages experience in handling substance-abusing persons in San Francisco. The chief doctrine is that of the residential TC. which relies on the â€Å"family concept† to make a supportive curative environment. Treatment schemes are designed to assist clients get rid of drug-related behaviours. and to larn subject. autonomy and consciousness. Since its origin as a traditional residential TC. Walden House has expanded plans and added new constituents in response to altering community demands. Originally. Walden House sought to turn to increasing demands for intervention by making a preadmission plan for persons waiting to come in residential intervention. In the preadmission plan. clients were given minimum intervention. and were expected to look into in as a presentation of their committedness to intervention. In 1990. with the support of a NIDA ( National Institute on Drug Abuse ) intervention presentation grant. Walden House expanded the preadmission plan into a separate twenty-four hours intervention plan. In developing the twenty-four hours intervention plan. Walden House staff adapted the basic elements of the residential TC to an intensive outpatient puting where clients received intervention on a day-to-day footing but returned to their places in the community every evening† ( Joseph A ; et Al. . ) FamilyLinks is a non-profit societal service bureau that provides mental wellness and mental deceleration plans. young person and household development plans. grownup community services. intoxicant and other drug intervention. and school-based bar services to kids. households and persons throughout southwesterly Pennsylvania. In 2006-2007. the organisation has launched a biennial run to convey all of their activities under an electronic Clinical Management System. which applies information engineering tools to bettering client service. streamlining record-keeping. and organizing attention among all FamilyLinks activities. Bridge House accepts males aged 18 and over who are able to acknowledge to holding substance maltreatment jobs and are seeking aid. It is recommended that the mean occupant who comes to Bridge House for intervention remain at least a twelvemonth. The Bridge House intervention plan. which is based on the disease construct of dependence. is intensive and extremely structured. Residents reside in a residence hall scene and advancement through several stages of intervention: stabilisation. primary. independent life and go oning attention. As a occupant enters the Bridge House plan he participates in a Stabilization period during which he is provided with an chance to go familiar with the day-to-day modus operandis of Bridge House. The new occupant participates in an debut to recovery through groups and pictures presented throughout the twenty-four hours. As a occupant moves into primary attention. an individualised intervention program is created to supply the occupant with the appropriate accomplishments to ease his ability to develop the wonts of recovery and advance positive alterations and growing in recovery. At this clip a occupant begins to pay a resident service fee. He will show his ability to budget his money in readying for his re-entry into mainstream society every bit good as his ability to keep a plan of recovery. He continues to go to curative groups and vocational rehabilitation guidance. A go oning attention plan of aftercare activities and meetings are in topographic point for those close to completion and to those who have graduated from the Bridge House intervention plan. Parameters for rating:The result rating of the above five sellers was conducted establishing on the undermentioned parametric quantities.Entree to Care:The present rating observes the undermentioned facets: How is entree to care defined. measured. and evaluated with each attention plan. How make different care agreements impact entree to alcohol intervention. Is at that place a differential impact for different subgroups ( e. g. . adult females. the hapless ) or across different types of intervention modes ( e. g. . inmate. detox. outpatient ) ? How is entree restricted ( e. g. . denial of petitions for attention ) or expanded ( e. g. . broader geographic web of outpatient services ) ?Use of Servicess:The rating includes the results derived from the undermentioned facets: How are client use rates measured and evaluated by different managed attention plans? What types of use reappraisal standards and processs are utilised. and what is their impact on use of intoxicant services? What is the impact of differentmanaged attention agreements. peculiarly financing agreements. on use of intoxicant services? Are at that place differential impacts among subgroups and across different intervention modes? What are the administrative costs associated with use reappraisal and what is the impact of different systems of utilization reappraisal on providermorale. on intervention procedure. and on result?Quality of Care:Quality of attention is observed under the undermentioned facets: Here the rating includes the results derived from the undermentioned facets: How is quality of attention measured and evaluated by different managed attention plans? How are structural quality controls ( e. g. . staff/client ratios. supplier enfranchisement. staff credentialing. instance direction protocols. etc. ) determined and implemented? Whatare the intervention protocols that are utilised. and to what extent do these protocols address the chronic. repeating nature of intoxicant upsets? Costss:The cost results observed here are: How are costs for intoxicant services defined and computed across different managed attention plans? How much make different types ofmanaged attention plans cut down intoxicant intervention costs. including entire. per episode. day-to-day. patient. practician. and supplier costs? To what extent do managed attention systems result in decreases of other medical or societal costs? Are at that place differences in short term vs. long term cost nest eggs? Do cost nest eggs differ across different patient population groups ( e. g. . low income. elderly ) ? How make plan profit construction and administrative factors affect cost ( e. g. . exclusion of high hazard patients. limitations on sum of services ) ?Effectiveness:How is intervention effectivity defined and operationalized by different managed attention systems? How is intervention effectivity monitored over clip? How do different systems of clinical decision-making and instance direction aff ect intervention outcomes? What is the impact of different systems of service bringing ( e. g. . integrated vs. carve out theoretical accounts. usage of EAP plans ) on the effectivity of intervention? Do managed attention plans improve cost-benefits and cost-effectiveness of intoxicant and intervention plans? What incentives do suppliers and managed attention organisations have to better effectivity? Evaluation matrix The above 5 sellers are rated in the peculiar sequence Rating graduated table for the above administrations were given as follows: 1-Did non run into committedness 2-Met minimal demands. significant betterments desirable 3-Met demands 4-Exceeded demands Indicator Measurement Matrix Note: Analysis The province bureau analyses that it can accomplish cost effectivity which is its premier purpose in its result rating through a seller who has non merely exhibited excess ordinary public presentation but besides excess ordinary cost decrease. From the above measuring matrix it is apparent that ‘Familyu links’ has achieved a significance cost instruction than the staying sellers. Though Phoenix exhibits an accretion of financess from the militias that are available to the current plan. the organisation has no program in cost decrease that is available for acceptance during the current programme. On the other manus Family links has shifted its procedure from manual to computerized procedure. where by it can turn out the increased efficiency of work force and reduced new hire and HR costs. Therefore Family links can be proposed as a considerable seller for cost effectual plan execution for drug and maltreatment substance intervention. Mentions Annual Report | 2005. In Support of Phoenix House. Retrieved February 8. 2000. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. phoenixhouse. org/index. hypertext markup language Bridgehouse intervention plan Retrieved February 8. 2000. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bridgehouse. org/07treatment. htm FamilyLinks. M o V I n g F o R tungsten a R vitamin D. 2 0 0 6 – 0 7 A n N u a cubic decimeter R vitamin E P O R t. Retrieved February 8. 2000. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. familylinks. org/pdf/FamilyLinksAR07. pdf Joseph Guydish. David Werdegar. Barbara Tajima. Marilyn Price. Alfonso Acampora. Clients come ining drug maltreatment twenty-four hours intervention: 18-month results. hypertext transfer protocol: //findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0978/is_n1_v23/ai_19182048 MANAGED CARE AND ALCOHOL TREATMENT SERVICES. Retrieved February 8. 2000. from grants. National Institutes of Health. gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-AA-96-001. hypertext markup language – 30k – Volunteers America. Service. Retrieved February 8. 2000. from hypertext transfer protocol: //72. 32. 194. 107/portals/34/agency2006. pdf

Teaching Conditional Forms to ESL Students

Teaching Conditional Forms to ESL Students Conditional forms should be introduced to students once they are familiar with the basic past, present and future tenses. While there are four conditional forms, it is best to start off with the first conditional focusing on real situations. To help students understand, I find it helpful to point out parallels in future time clauses: Ill discuss the plan if he comes to the meeting.Well discuss the issue when he arrives tomorrow. This will help students with the structure of using the if clause to begin the sentence, in parallel with the same structure for future time clauses. If we finish work early, well go out for a beer.When we visit our parents, we like to go to Bobs Burgers. Once students have understood this basic structural similarity, its easy to continue on with the zero conditional, as well as the other conditional forms. It is also helpful to use other conditional names such as real conditional for the first conditional, unreal conditional for the second conditional form, and past unreal conditional for the third conditional. I recommend introducing all three forms if students are comfortable with tenses as the similarities in structure will help them digest the information. Here are suggestions to teaching each conditional form in order. Zero Conditional I recommend teaching this form after you have taught the first conditional. Remind the students that the first conditional is similar in meaning to future time clauses. The main difference between the zero conditional and a future time clause with when is that the zero conditional is for situations which dont happen on a regular basis. In other words, use future time clauses for routines, but use the zero conditional for exceptional situations. Notice how the zero conditional is used to underline that a situation does not regularly occur in the examples below. Routines We discuss sales when we meet on Fridays.When she visits her father, she always brings a cake. Exceptional Situations If a problem occurs, we immediately send our repairman.She informs her director if she cant deal with the situation herself. First Conditional The focus in the first conditional is that it is used for realistic situations that will take place in the future. Make sure to point out that the first conditional is also called the real conditional. Here are the steps to teaching the first conditional form: Introduce the construction of the first conditional: If present simple, (then clause) future with willPoint out that the two clauses can be switched: (then clause) future with will if present simpleNote that a comma should be used when beginning the first conditional with the If clause.To help students with the form, use a first conditional grammar chant to repeat the construction.Use a first conditional worksheet to ask students to practice the form.Create a first conditional chain by asking each student to repeat the result of what the previous student has said in the if clause. For example:If he comes, we will have lunch.If we have lunch, well go to Riccardos pizzeria.If we go to Riccardos pizzeria, well see Sarah.etc. Second Conditional Stress that the second conditional form is used to imagine a different reality. In other words, the second conditional is an unreal conditional. Introduce the construction of the second conditional: If past simple, (then clause) would base form of verbPoint out that the two clauses can be switched: (then clause) would base form of verb if past simpleNote that a comma should be used when beginning the second conditional with the If clause.One problem with the second conditional is the use of were for all subjects. Cambridge University now also accepts was. However, many academic institutions still expect were. For example:If I were the teacher, Id do more grammar.If I was the teacher, Id do more grammar.I recommend using your best judgment based on your students objectives. In any case, point out the difference in common usage and academic expectations.To help students with the form, use a second conditional grammar chant to repeat the construction.Use a second conditional worksheet to ask students to practice the form.Create a second conditional chain by asking each student to repeat the result of what the previous stude nt has said in the if clause. For example:If I had $1,000,000, Id buy a new house.If I bought a new house, Id get a swimming pool, too.If I had a swimming pool, wed have lots of parties.etc. Discuss the differences in usage between the first and second conditional. You can also use this ready to go conditionals lesson plan to further help students with the two forms.Practice the differences between the first and second conditional forms with a comparative forms quiz. Third Conditional The third conditional can be challenging for students because of the long verb string in the result clause. Practicing the form repeatedly with the grammar chant and conditional chain exercise are especially useful for students when learning this complicated form. I suggest also teaching the similar form of expressing wishes with I wish I had done ... when teaching the third conditional. Introduce the construction of the first conditional: If past perfect, (then clause) would have past participle Point out that the two clauses can be switched: (then clause) would have past participle if past perfectNote that a comma should be used when beginning the third conditional with the If clause.To help students with the form, use a third conditional grammar chant to repeat the construction.Use a third conditional worksheet to ask students to practice the form.Create a third conditional chain by asking each student to repeat the result of what the previous student has said in the if clause. For example:If I had bought that car, I would have had an accident.If I had had an accident, I would have gone to the hospital.If I had gone to the hospital, I would have had an operation.etc.

College Summit The Joys of Surprise and Making a Difference (and Even the Travails of a Norovirus)

College Summit The Joys of Surprise and Making a Difference (and Even the Travails of a Norovirus) I recently heard Anthony Robbins say that as long as you have your attention on other people, and as long as you are making a difference for others, there is no way you can possibly be depressed. He is so right. This past week, despite contracting a norovirus that gave me serious gastrointestinal distress as well as flu-like symptoms, I was in as good a mood as I’ve been in in a long time. Why? I was making a difference for a group of low-income high school students at College Summit, a national program that supports young leaders to create a culture where kids go to college. I’m like a proud mother when it comes to the small group of four â€Å"peer leaders† I worked with in Berkeley. Every one of them surprised me in their own way. Let me kvell just a little (names are changed for confidentiality)! Keylon Keylon wrote his first two â€Å"free writing† exercises about topics like his relationships with girls and how he was going to find one that would make him be the man he wants to be. I feared he was bland and would not identify a relevant topic for his college admissions essay. On a break, however, he shared his real story- a story about abuse and how he turned to destructive behaviors and friends to compensate for his pain. It was also the story of how he changed direction, in part through a music program that saved his life. Keylon’s story surprised me when it came forth, and so did how industrious and focused a student he was. When I gave him questions to answer in writing, he sat down and didn’t stop until he was done. And when it came time to edit his essay, he was able to devise seamless transitions where they had been missing, and to cut out excess words without my even pointing out the spots where he could do so. Keylon says he wants to be a singer, and perhaps he will succeed. But I wouldn’t be surprised if he finds his stride as an editor! Keylon was also a great sport when we got realistic with him about his college choices. His top choices were out of his reach, and he needed to consider community college options. He adjusted course without protest or external upset. We could all learn a thing or two from this young man about acceptance and adaptation. Jaquon Jaquon had a sweetness to him and a clear, passionate life purpose under his non-plussed attitude. On the first day, he slumped down in his chair, hood over head, clearly not 100% enthusiastic about being asked to write †¦ anything. His first free write was not about much, and I had to remind him multiple times over the 10-minute time period to keep writing. Initially he would not volunteer to answer a question and would only participate if I called on him directly (though he always had something great to say when I did). Jacquon’s second free write was the big surprise. A saxophone player, he hit on the theme of music, and I’m telling you, it was pure poetry. He called music a â€Å"20-20 all access path†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and spoke about his purpose in life being to connect with people off all cultures through his gift. This goal was not just a pipe dream; Jacquon has already performed both in concert halls and on the street in the U.S. and abroad. Jacquon mentioned in his essay that he gets nervous when playing only because he is afraid people won’t connect with his music. When I asked him what it would be like for him if they didn’t connect with his music, his answer popped out: â€Å"It would be like I don’t exist.† An excerpt: â€Å"[I] put my all into every breath, note and melodic phrase so that whoever hears that will feel my passion, my struggle, my story, and my dreams.† That’s a man with a life purpose. A purpose, when not fulfilled, that makes him feel like he doesn’t exist. If only every one of us had one so clear. Rodrigo Rodrigo was my volleyball captain. He was a meticulous, methodical worker who edited himself as he wrote. The core story that emerged from Rodrigo’s free writes was about his father, who recently started working as a janitor in Rodrigo’s school. Although Rodrigo had weathered various insults as a volleyball captain for being short and young, he had a thick skin- until the insults started being aimed toward his father. Rodrigo wrote about how his father had taught him to stay positive and not judge others, and how ultimately he used what his father had taught him to rise above his anger toward his insulting classmates. Another thing that came out of Rodrigo’s writing was that he liked to make up words and had a penchant for metaphor. In one of his last drafts, his creativity emerged in a surprise conclusion: â€Å"I’m like a volleyball. You may kick me, push me around, hit me, or abandon me, but in the end I’m still persevering and surviving the ugliest actions against me.† Talisha Eager to participate and answer questions, Talisha was fast out of the gate but as the writing process went on, she somehow found a way to look like she was working when she really was spinning her wheels. I gave her what I thought were clear questions and instructions and she would nod and put her pen to paper, but 10 minutes later she would not have made progress. In my mind, we finally reached a growth point when Talisha realized that growing up as the middle of two sisters and taking care of both of them gave her management skills that have helped her in her production design projects at school. I’m not sure I’ll ever see the essay she writes on this topic though, since she only saw this connection for herself literally at the last hour. Really the biggest surprise from Talisha was what she told me at the end of the program: that I helped her learn things about herself that she might never have known- not just on the last day, but from the time we started doing free writing exercises. And all that time I thought she was refusing to let me make a difference for her. Brenda As I mentioned, there was a norovirus that went around and knocked out almost every one of the writing coaches in the program for some period of time. I barely made it through my part of the Saturday night banquet presentations- but it was worth it to hear Rodrigo say in front of the entire program, â€Å"Your joyous, encouraging, and gentle nature brought us to fully understand how and what to write †¦ [and] created a bond within our group that will never be forgotten. I will definitely not forget the experience I had with these motivated leaders from the East Bay. And I will be back next year.

The General Systems Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The General Systems Theory - Essay Example But in reality complexities exist, thus Jordan’s taxonomy had many implied drawbacks (Skyttner, 2005). Beer and the Viable System’s Model: The viable system’s Model provides us with a more complex model of a system as compared to the one provided by Jordan. In this theory the author Stafford Beer related the performance of an organizational system with that of a human brain, in his book ‘Brain of the Firm’. According to him, a viable business has the abilities to self-repair, of self-awareness, recursion and the ability to maintain identity. Beer designed principles which must be followed by the organizations in order to be viable. These principles provided guidelines for the information flow in the organization through various channels, their cost effectiveness and their capacity to convert data relating to the need of every level of organization that suits their needs and how these activities should be coordinated without any loss or trouble. The f ive sub managerial systems that were described by Beer translated the flow of information through the organization and how they interrelate. Through these systems he showed how each level is dependent on the other level for the flow of information and as the levels increase, so does the responsibility and the sensitivity of the information. Thus, in his model System One is the lowest level of the organization and is the one that needs to be controlled, it includes the operational departments or subsidiaries with lowest level of information that is provided by higher levels, whereas System Five completes the system by monitoring the balance between the systems, it mainly constitutes of the shareholders and board of directors of the organization. Beer also devised... The computer designed on the basis of the concepts of Klir’s GSPS has the ability to solve issues for the user. His theory was based on various mathematical algorithms which correspond with engineering techniques to solve an issue. It has four functional units: the control unit, meta methodological support unit, a knowledge base and a set of methodological tools. The algorithms used are specified in order for problems dealt through these tools. Metamethodological support unit arranges the problems on the basis of their generality. Knowledge base unit stores the information related issues which can not be solved through the system. The user interface will work either through the conceptual framework or through a direct connection to the main unit. Klir's problem-solving approach and system design can be sufficient for well-structured situations. Through history teams of experts in both technological and no technical aspects of the problem assembled and processed the necessary d ata and came up with alternative approaches which defined the benefits and shortcomings of every aspect. These researchers defined the relations between the theories where it was possible by producing quantitative analyses and predictions, where they were appropriate to give content to the most general aspects of the environment. Through these procedures, a gap was tried to be filled between the technical and non-technical theorists, so that a form could be given to every general theory wherever possible.

Psychic Bisexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Psychic Bisexuality - Essay Example He insisted that nothing about sex could be understood without taking an account of " universal bisexuality of human beings" (1950 179). Psychoneuroses analysis gave him the confirmation of the "postulated existence of an innate bisexual disposition in man" (1908 165-166). For Freud the concept of bisexuality "embarrasses all our enquiries into the subject and makes them harder to describe" (1940a 188). The concept of bisexuality by Freud were based on the understanding that "all human beings are capable of making a homosexual object-choice" (Freud, 1905,) fn p. 56), "Bisexuality is a possibility" (Smith) in many cases due to varies reasons. Biological sources gave birth to Freud's theory of bisexuality. Freud explains the boy's wish to be with father as mother during oedipal complex and the untimely sense of phallic activity during pre-oedipal stage, which is a part of their biological disposition. The basic of psychoanalysis is masochism, refined by Freud. He introduced three kinds of masochism, and feminine masochism, "an expression of the feminine being nature" (p. 161) is required here. It is when an individual inflicts and receives pain during sex and situations like, "being castrated, or copulated with, or giving birth to a baby" (p. 162) are crucial to masochism. Women's beating fantasies also urged Freud to produce the theory of "feminine masochism." Freud was very complicated when it came to gender discussions. He also linked this theory with passivity and called it a "biological fact." He continued that, "Passivity is not a whole of masochism." But it is a major part of it. Men are considered active and passivity is a women's thing. He initiated "feminine" and "moral" factors as secondary masochism. Basically what I gather from his thinking is that passivity is owned by women and that is why her capability of masochism gives her the power to love selflessly as a wome n and mother. He also considered it as a part of the sexual pleasure which is intense. According to Freud a crucial point he insisted on is that mutation during development may also result in masochism. What is feminine maturity and why is it more complicated then masculine maturity Similar yet so different tasks are taken by boys and girls on the way to maturity. This path to maturity constitute of the pre-oedipal, oedipal and post oedipal period. Freud said that "variations in the chronological order and in the linking up of these [pre to post oedipal] events are bound to have a very important bearing on the development of the individual". (Freud 1931 p.79). Freud clarifies the focus of Psychoanalysis in his essay feminity by Freud, "sets about inquiring how she comes into being, how a woman develops out of a child with a bisexual disposition." And he further says, "Undoubtedly, the material is different to start with in boys and girls: the difference in the structure of the genitals is accompanied by other bodily differences". Freud insisted that the sexual development of a girl into a woman is far more complicated than that of a boy. And "it includes two extra tasks to which there is nothing corresponding in the development of a man." He explains, "she must find a way to give up

Project Intervention Plan for Elderly Community

Project Intervention Plan for Elderly Community A Project Intervention Plan  on  Wah Fu Estate Community Mao Peter Introduction of the community Wah Fu Estate was built in 1963. It is located in Pok Fu Lam, south-western part of the Hong Kong Island. Such establishment of public estates was closely related to the fire accident at Shek Kip Mei, Kowloon in 1953, which is the milestone of public housing history in Hong Kong since that the government provide better and affordable public housing for Hong Kong residents. As a satellite town in Hong Kong, the Wah Fu Estate provides most of the basic facilities such as wet markets, schools, community hall, library, and public transportation as well. It is a quiet and pleasant place where the resident can enjoy a board sea view with hills behind. That is why the Wah Fu Estate is called a â€Å"luxurious estate for common people†. It includes two phases of development. Wah Fu I with 12 blocks of buildings of old-slab design, and Wah Fu II with 6 blocks of twin-tower design. Rationales for community issues As the Wah Fu Estate has developed for more than 50 years, many of the original residents there have become the elderly. This can be seen to the latest census statistics as shown in table 1, the largest age group in the Wah Fu Estate is 45-64, about 30% of the overall population (Census and Statistics Department, 2011) and more than 20% are aged 65 and over. It is significantly higher than the ones of Southern District in general (13.7%). This demographic characteristic has greatly influenced the community need and problem of the Estate. Table 1. Age structure of Wah Fu Estate and Southern District Higher proportion of the aged people in the estate leads to the greater concern of health care and social welfare services provided in the Wah Fu estate for their deteriorating health conditions and higher demand for getting help from others. The geographical location of the estate makes it mainly rely on the bus and minibus services. The provision of public transportation services to the MTR stations, other main districts in the Hong Kong Island and the other side of the Victoria Harbour is very crucial to the residents there. The provision of social facilities such as shopping centres, restaurants are another concerns in the community especially those in the open area for the elder residents to take a rest and have better interactions with others. Long history of Wah Fu Estate is reflected by the supporting pillars outside the buildings, decaying rooftop and messy electronic lines. The maintenance of the estate is a main and urgent issue in the community. The latest development of the estate is the redevelopment, which has pronounced on the Chief Executive’s policy address this year. It can be projected that this will become the major issue of the community in the next few years. Rationales choosing community work approach To have the community work in such an old public estate, locality development can be used. It is one of the three models of community practices by Jack Rothman. The relationship among the residents in the Wah Fu estate is very close as they live together for such a long time. Their bonding is strong that it is more effective to use this advantage to coordinate them in presenting and solving the community issues with the government and other stakeholders instead of advocate them to have social actions and campaigns. The estate as a whole and even each of the buildings has their own Mutual Aid Committees or similar organizations. We can build up a close relationship with them and use their networks throughout our community work in order to have a greater effect to express their views to the public and solve the problems of the community. There have some NGOs providing social services to the residents in the Wah Fu Estate, such as Salvation Army Wah Fu Centre for Senior Citizens and Aberdeen Kai-fong Welfare Association Southern District Integrated Elderly Service Centre, the collaboration with those NGOs which know the community situation well is also essential to have a better community work in Wah Fu estate. Specific intervention strategies/empowerment plans We can organize some outdoor seminars in the estate for the discussion of the community problems to let the residents concern the issues of their own community more. We can also build up the foundation of the membership and help them to set up the locality-based concern group to discuss issues faced by them including the maintenance of their apartments, provision of social facilities etc as I have mentioned before in this paper. Some sub-groups can also be set up for some typical issues like transportation and redevelopment programme. Throughout the discussion in these groups, they can have mutual support and build up their civic consciousness. They can make collaborative and informed decision or consensus by themselves and express them in one voice to the society. This is the process of empowerment to the residents of Wah Fu estate to handle issues of their community by themselves. Another way which is more traditional to promote our community work is to set up a counter over the street and spread out our leaflets to present our service and get in touch with the residents. The periodic newsletter can be printed to the member, other relevant NGOs and organizations to publicize our activities and keep continuous contact with the residents. Roles of Community Worker The community worker can play the roles of enabler, instructor, facilitator and trainer. We instruct the residents to speak up their opinions and views about the community issues in the concern group. We help them to coordinate different views and conflicts between them, that means to facilitate the discussion or empowerment process. Through these activities, it is an opportunity for us to train up the district leaders to help their neighbours for their own betterment of living. Challenges and Difficulties From the interviews conducted in our community walk, they concern more with the current issues in the estate such as health care and community facilities than the redevelopment programme that is believed to be the most concern issues in the community. They are widely believed that the redevelopment plan may take 5 to 10 years to complete which is too far away for them to think about it. As they have been waiting for a long time for the plan, their desire to concern about it has faded out. This is one of the main challenges to do the community work in Wah Fu estate. The forums and visits from outsider about the redevelopment plan have also fatigued the residents and they have the tendency to alienate from it. It is another difficulty to get contact with them and start our community work. Conclusion In order to have an effective community work, helping and instructing them to present the existing problems that mentioned previously in this paper is significant to gain their trust. After that, we have to ensure the residents to know and realize that as it is one of the key statements in the policy address, the redevelopment of Wah Fu Estate will take place soon, then mobilize and empower them to work for solutions, to make their voice and requests about the redevelopment issues such as in-situ settlement can be heard by the government and the public. References Census and Statistics Department. (2011). 2011 Population Census. Retrieved from http://www.census2011.gov.hk/pdf/fact_sheets/estates/D_10182e.pdf http://www.census2011.gov.hk/en/major-housing-estate/10183.html Rothman, J., Erlich, J. L., and Tropman, J. E. (eds.) 2008, Strategies of Community Intervention. (7th Ed.) Itasca, Illinois: F. E. Peacock. Chapter 7.

Business Writing: Memoranda Essay

Currently, our policy provides for three kinds of leaves – Vacation Leave, Sick Leave and Bereavement Leave. There is no provision for Emergency Leaves and are deducted on a â€Å"no work, no pay† basis. For those who do not want outright deduction, consideration is given such that, upon request, these are deducted later and applied under our Sick Leave policy rule. In consideration of a request formalized through our Suggestion Box regarding absences which have to be taken due to an emergency, we are pleased to advise you that the following adjustment in the Personnel Policies of Smith, Smith and Smith regarding Vacation Leaves will be made effective from 01 October 2006: ARTICLE 7 VACATION LEAVE The Company shall grant an Annual Vacation Leave with pay of 30 days per calendar year for all regular employees who have rendered one (1) full year of continuous service. A maximum of five (5) days out of these 30 days can be applied as Emergency Leave. An Emergency Leave is defined as leave taken due to unforeseen circumstances such as sickness in the family limited to spouse, children, parents, grandparents, siblings or parents-in-law and events due to force majeure. However, if the said employee entitled thereto fails to use the same vacation leave within a year, she/he shall forfeit the same Vacation Leave. Moreover, any leaves taken beyond what is provided shall be on a no work, no pay basis. If the employee is prevented by the company from taking leave, this rule shall not be applicable. Furthermore, management reserves the right to put any employee on forced vacation leave to give effect thereto. We trust that the above addresses one of our common concerns. Thank you for your support and cooperation.

The Different Past Tenses in French

The Twelve Colonies Of America - 774 Words

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The Christians education was the key to the growth of the early church in the Roman Empire. With conversions of Roman Emperors, the Christianity became the state religion, and the Roman Catholic Empire emerged in the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages, which lasted for a thousand years became known as the Dark Ages because of the cultural, economical and most of all educational deterioration. The Catholic authorities who believed that the Bible and Bible reading were reserved only for those with ecclesiastical duties and the Bible reading by commonShow MoreRelatedEssay on Importance of Slavery to the Southern Way of Life1465 Words   |  6 PagesImportance of Slavery to the Southern Way of Life America almost from the beginning was heavily dependent on forced labour. In 1619, John Rolfe in Virgina reported about the last day of August came in a butch man-of-war that sold us 20 negers. This is the first record of Africans settling in America. 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